1、通風(fēng)

1. Ventilation

柴油發(fā)電機(jī)房的通風(fēng)問題是機(jī)房設(shè)計(jì)中要特別注意解決的問題，特別是機(jī)房位于地下室時(shí)更要處理好，否則會(huì)直接影響柴油機(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)組的運(yùn)行。機(jī)組的排風(fēng)一般應(yīng)設(shè)熱風(fēng)管道有組織地進(jìn)行，不宜讓柴油機(jī)散熱器把熱量散在機(jī)房內(nèi)，再由排風(fēng)機(jī)抽出。機(jī)房內(nèi)要有足夠的新風(fēng)補(bǔ)充。柴油機(jī)在運(yùn)行時(shí)，機(jī)房的換氣量應(yīng)等于或大于柴油機(jī)燃燒所需新風(fēng)量與維持機(jī)房室溫所需新風(fēng)量之和。維持室溫所需新風(fēng)量由下式計(jì)算：C=0.078PT式中：C--需要的新風(fēng)量（m3/s）P--柴油機(jī)額定功率（kW）T--機(jī)房溫升（°C）。

The ventilation problem of diesel generator room should be paid special attention to in the design of the machine room, especially when the machine room is located in the basement, otherwise it will directly affect the operation of diesel generator set. Generally, the exhaust of the unit shall be carried out in an organized way with hot air duct. It is not suitable for the heat of the diesel engine radiator to dissipate in the machine room and then be extracted by the exhaust fan. There shall be sufficient fresh air supplement in the machine room. When the diesel engine is running, the air exchange rate of the machine room shall be equal to or greater than the sum of the fresh air volume required for diesel engine combustion and the fresh air volume required to maintain the room temperature of the machine room. The amount of fresh air required to maintain room temperature is calculated by the following formula: C = 0.078pt, where: C -- the amount of fresh air required (m3 / s) P -- the rated power of diesel engine (kw) T -- the temperature rise of machine room (° C).

機(jī)房防塵不好，也會(huì)對設(shè)備產(chǎn)生危害，在保證機(jī)房通風(fēng)的情況下，同時(shí)考慮到機(jī)房的防塵作用，加裝進(jìn)風(fēng)排風(fēng)百葉，保證機(jī)房的風(fēng)質(zhì)和風(fēng)量。

The poor dust prevention of the machine room will also harm the equipment. Under the condition of ensuring the ventilation of the machine room and considering the dust prevention effect of the machine room, the air inlet and exhaust louvers shall be installed to ensure the air quality and air volume of the machine room.

2、機(jī)房的附屬設(shè)施

2. Auxiliary facilities of machine room

如果機(jī)房雜亂無章，油管、電纜共同使用一個(gè)地槽；油箱、油管漏的到處都是油，機(jī)房內(nèi)油霧很大；油桶、工具、掃帚、拖布，隨意擺放等等，讓人看了就不舒服其次也會(huì)帶來安全隱患。

If the machine room is disorderly, the oil pipe and cable use a trench together; The oil tank and oil pipe leak everywhere, and the oil mist in the machine room is very large; Oil drums, tools, brooms, mops, etc. are placed at will. First, they make people uncomfortable. Second, they will also bring potential safety hazards.

a、基礎(chǔ)

a. Foundation

機(jī)房防塵不好，也會(huì)對設(shè)備產(chǎn)生危害，在保證機(jī)房通風(fēng)的情況下，同時(shí)考慮到機(jī)房的防塵作用，加裝進(jìn)風(fēng)排風(fēng)百葉，保證機(jī)房的風(fēng)質(zhì)和風(fēng)量。

The poor dust prevention of the machine room will also harm the equipment. Under the condition of ensuring the ventilation of the machine room and considering the dust prevention effect of the machine room, the air inlet and exhaust louvers shall be installed to ensure the air quality and air volume of the machine room.

b、機(jī)房接地

b. Machine room grounding

柴油發(fā)電機(jī)房一般應(yīng)用三種接地：①工作接地：發(fā)電機(jī)中性點(diǎn)接地；②保護(hù)接地：電氣設(shè)備正常不帶電的金屬外殼接地；③防靜電接地：燃油系統(tǒng)的設(shè)備及管道接地。接地可以與建筑物的地采用聯(lián)合接地的方式。

Three kinds of grounding are generally used in diesel generator room: ① working grounding: generator neutral grounding; ② Protective grounding: the metal shell of electrical equipment that is normally uncharged is grounded; ③ Anti static grounding: equipment and pipeline grounding of fuel system. The grounding can be combined with the building grounding.

c、油箱

c. Oil tank

當(dāng)機(jī)房設(shè)在高層建筑內(nèi)時(shí)，日用油箱應(yīng)設(shè)專用房間，用防火墻與柴油發(fā)電機(jī)隔開。盡量選用質(zhì)量較好的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)型油箱，密封性好，不漏油，油箱應(yīng)配有出油口，回油口、注油口、放油口、溢油口、油位顯示計(jì)，容積按機(jī)組連續(xù)工作12小時(shí)用油量選擇為妥。油箱密封性致關(guān)重要，否則漏油是令維護(hù)人員很頭痛的事。油霧過大會(huì)腐蝕橡膠、金屬等元件，而且還具有一定的危險(xiǎn)性；油霧和灰塵粘附在機(jī)組及設(shè)備表面，很難清潔。

When the machine room is located in a high-rise building, the daily oil tank shall be provided with a special room separated from the diesel generator by a firewall. The standard oil tank with good quality shall be selected as far as possible, with good sealing and no oil leakage. The oil tank shall be equipped with oil outlet, oil return port, oil filling port, oil drain port, oil overflow port and oil level indicator. The volume shall be selected according to the oil consumption of the unit for 12 hours. The tightness of the oil tank is important, otherwise oil leakage is a headache for maintenance personnel. Excessive oil mist will corrode rubber, metal and other components, and it also has a certain risk; Oil mist and dust adhere to the surface of the unit and equipment, which is difficult to clean.